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Illegal Beings: Human Clones
Re: IVF and cloning: what's the difference?
libfemme ( 10/12/2003, 02:48:31 )You have 2 types of cells.Somatic cells are your body cells, skin, heart, lungs, bones etc. Each cell has all 46 chromosomes that are unique to you.Germ cells have only half, only 23 of your chromosomes. Germ cells exist only in one place in your body. In the testes of males or the ovaries of females. They are called either sperm or eggs.IVF - a doctor surgically removes an egg cell from a woman and puts it in a petri dish. He takes sperm donated from the male and allows the egg and sperm to merge into one cell called a zyvgote. Since an egg has 23 chromosomes and a sperm has 23 chromosomes the resulting zygote will now have 46 the total needed to make a human. after the zygote starts to divide into many smaller identical cells, the doctor implants the ball of cells surgically into a woman's womb and the embryo develops naturally from there.In cloning either the man doesn't have viable sperm or the woman doesn't have viable eggs. Maybe a woman's ovaries had to be removed because they were cancerous or any number of medical problesm. Because they do not have germ cells they can't reproduce. However, they do have somatic cells, body cells.An egg is donated by another woman who does have viable eggs (or an animal egg like a rabbit's is used) as a starter. The DNA is suctioned out of the doner egg so that it is just an empty food vessil. (sort of like taking the yolk out of chicken egg and leaving only the egg white).Then a skin cell from the parent is taken and placed in the petri dish next to the empty egg. The parent cell has 46 chromosomes and egg has zero chromosomes. An electric spark is given to the 2 cells and they will start to merge together. From there the zygote now has 46 chromosomes and starts to divide naturally like the IVF zygote or a zygote in a woman's fallopian tube.The cloned zygote is implanted in the woman's womb just like in the IVF procedure.IVF= 2 viable germ cells Cloning= no viable germ cells so somatic cells used instead
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